Valencia oranges, botanically classified as Citrus sinensis, are a sweet orange variety that grows on evergreen trees and is a member of the Rutaceae or citrus family. Also known as the Summer orange, there are at least fifty different sub-varieties and hybrids of the original Valencia orange in existence, and this orange is often regarded as one of the most popular varieties in the world. Valencia oranges are a late-season variety that are the only oranges to ripen in the summer. Chefs and home cooks favor them for their sweet-tart flavor and juice.
Valencia oranges are medium to large, averaging 7-10 centimeters in diameter, and are round to oval. The thin rind is golden orange with a rough, leathery texture due to many prominent oil glands that contain fragrant essential oils. Underneath the surface of the rind, the white, spongy pith clings tightly to the flesh making the fruit somewhat difficult to peel. The yellow-orange flesh is tender, and extremely juicy, contains 1-6 cream-colored seeds, and is divided into 10-12 segments by thin membranes. It is important to note that sometimes a Valencia orange may go through a regreening process, which is when the fruit reabsorbs chlorophyll giving it hues of green even though it is fully ripe. Regreening does not affect the flavor of the orange, and when ripe, Valencia oranges have a balanced, sweet-tart flavor
Plant Maintainance
Valencia orange trees need at least 6–8 hours of full sun a day for optimal growth and fruit production.
Water newly planted trees 2–3 times a week for the first few weeks, then once a week once established. Water deeply, especially when the tree is blooming and fruiting, or during heat waves.
Apply fertilizer when fruits start to appear, and then every month or two during the harvest season. During the dormant season, apply fertilizer at least twice.
Pests And Diseases.
These sap-feeding insects infest new growth in the spring, secreting sticky honeydew that can lead to the growth of black sooty mold. Winged aphids can carry the tristeza virus.Â
The larva of a small moth from southeast Asia, this pest infests young foliage in early autumn, creating silvery tunnels in the leaves.Â
These flies lay eggs in ripening fruit, so it’s important to collect and dispose of all fallen fruit. Yellow sticky traps and liquid lure traps can help protect your crop.Â
Armillaria and phytophthora can cause root rot in citrus trees. Signs include wilting leaves and a thin canopy for armillaria, and yellowing leaves for phytophthora.Â
This fruit disease occurs in wet, humid conditions, and can be prevented with a protectant fungicide spray.Â
These pests chew irregular holes in leaves and fruit and leave shiny, dry, or wet, slimy trails. They feed mostly at night and can be found resting during the day beneath trunk wraps, in leaf litter, and around irrigation.Â
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